Normally people those who have coloured (pigmented) gingiva are black or  from other ethnic groups. This is a serious esthetic concern for them and they want to correct it.

Most common causes of gum pigmentation:

(a) Genetics: Certain ethnic groups like people with African or Middle Eastern ancestry.

(b) Smoking.

(c) Certain medications.

(d) Possible effects of amalgam fillings.

(e) Underlying medical conditions.

(f) Unknown facts.

In all cases, there is excess melanin pigment deposition in gum tissues.

Gum depigmentation, also known as gum bleaching, is a cosmetic dental procedure that lightens or removes dark patches or spots on the gums. This procedure makes the gum color lighter, which improves their smile.

The procedure is done under local anesthesia. Patients need to practice good oral hygiene in the post-operative phase.